Contributing Factors to Juvenile Delinquency - 1620 Words

Juvenile delinquency, according to Agnew and Brezina, is the violation of the law by a minor which is any persons under the age of 18 in most states. There are many contributing factors to juvenile delinquency such as domestic issues or stress at school, and there are also four different theories, strain, social learning, control, and labeling, to explain the different prospective of why it is thought that juveniles commence in delinquent behavior. This particular discussion however, is going to be about the influence of gangs on juvenile delinquency. A general definition of a juvenile gang would be any durable youth group whose involvement in illegal activity is part of the group identity, they will have a unique name, they openly use coercion, aggression, power, force, extortion, and intimidation to achieve their goals, and usually keep some kind of organization. They also have recognizable symbols, claim specific territory and meeting grounds, they are intense and highly loyal t o members, and show intense leadership, authoritarianism, and have a clear hierarchy ( Ribner,31). This will also discuss why juvenile’s look towards gangs in some instances, what the main types of crimes are that are committed, whether gang activity actually causes the delinquent behavior, and how each one of the four main theories explains why gangs have the power to influence juveniles. So why do juvenile’s join gangs? There are many different reasons why juveniles claim they join. Some sayShow MoreRelatedWhen Most People View The Majority Of Juveniles As Rebellious1174 Words   |  5 PagesWhen most people view the majority of juveniles as rebellious kids who are searching for their place in the world, they do not realize that some of these â€Å"rebellious kids† could turn out to be dangerous criminals in the future. Yes, they are searching for their place in the world, but the thing that most people do not realize is that they think have found it through juvenile deviancy, even if they know it is illegal. The definition of a juvenile is someone under age 18. The brain does not fully developRead MoreThe General Strain Theory And Juvenile Delinquency1715 Words   |  7 Pagesimportance in trying to map criminal patterns among individuals involved in criminal behavior, thereby creating a platform for their rehabilitation. The general strain theory ha s had a close connection to juvenile delinquency, as it creates a platform where psychologists can define some of the key factors prompting teenagers and youths to engage in criminal behaviors. According to Zhang (2008), teenagers and youths tend to become highly vulnerable to lack of emotional control attributed to an aspect ofRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Juvenile Delinquency1458 Words   |  6 PagesDay in and day out residents and visitors to the Boston area are affected by juvenile crime and delinquency. Though the crime rates in MA and across the nation are on a steady decline, these juvenile crimes are still considered a serious matter that needs attention. It is thought that juvenile offenders do not cope as well with the criminal justice system as well as adults may be able to and therefore there needs to be a focus on how the system can better aid in the rehabilitation of these youthfulRead MoreFactors Contributing For Criminal Activity Among African Americans1587 Words   |  7 Pagesexperience between the two cities, Ernest W. Burgess, was one of the scholars selected to investigate what was taking place in Chicago communities. Early on, Burgess investigated the seven wards of Chicago where he found that there were high levels of delinquency in the fourth ward which had poor home conditions, poverty, and bad influence on the city’s youth (Gabbidon,2015). As stated in, Criminological Perspectives on Race and Crime by Shaun L Gabbidon, Social Disorganization is the breakdown in equilibriumRead MoreCjs240 Gender and Family828 Words   |  4 PagesGender and Family How does gender affect delinquency? It can be said the males make up the vast majority of the prison population. It can also be said that men are just plain different than women when it comes to ethics, morals, and violence. Whether gender has any influence on whether or not a crime is committed is not fully understood, but there are many theories. What are some current explanations for gender differences as they relate to delinquency? * * There are many views andRead MoreA Juvenile Delinquent Is Someone Under The Age Of 18 Who1033 Words   |  5 PagesA juvenile delinquent is someone under the age of 18 who commits a criminal act. There are a few traits of the average juvenile offender. Family could be a big factor in a child becoming a juvenile delinquent. Coming from a dysfunctional family unit to having poor role models. By dysfunctional family unit I mean a family separated by divorce, or single-parenthood. Community is another trait of a juvenile delinquent. Including but not limited to poverty. Coming from a poor community where they doRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : The United States1458 Words   |  6 Pages Juvenile Delinquency in the United States We live in a world where there is a great deal of investment allotted to our children and our culture tend to be overprotective of our youth. Rightfully so, our younger citizens are considered the building blocks of our nation and the carriers of our legacy in the future. But in spite of stringent laws that seem to protect our youth, other factors such as race, poverty, and environment are catalysts for delinquent youth behavior. Juvenile crime isRead More Juvenile Crime and Socio Economic Factors Essay1610 Words   |  7 Pagescurbed at any cost. Crime at a juvenile age is on one hand a crime against property and life, and on the other a crime against humanity. It is a much graver social danger that holds the seed of an evident social disaster implanted into it. Criminologists hold different views regarding the root of juvenile crime and that often leads into quite the argument. Irrespective of those theoretical head on collisions, the presence of socio economic factors behind each juvenile crime committed is almost acceptedRead MoreCauses And Consequences Of Juvenile Delinquency Essay1657 Words   |  7 PagesCauses of Juvenile Delinquency Delinquent behavior has been a serious and expensive problem in American society for a prolonged period of time. Although the delinquency rate has declined, it is still one of the highest in comparison to other countries in the world. Discovering a single cause of juvenile delinquency is difficult, but there is no doubt that a combination of various theories and factors could point researchers in the right direction of establishing a source. Theory and researchRead MoreFactors That Cause The Increase Rate Of Juvenile Delinquency Essay1666 Words   |  7 Pagesinvestigates the factors that cause the increase rate of Juvenile delinquencies. A survey research design will be used. Simple random sampling technique will be used while questionnaire and interview schedule will be necessary data collection instruments. This project will use the findings to know how to reduce the increasing rates of juvenile delinquency and also how to improve the current juvenile institutions available in order to be more productive. Juvenile Delinquency Introduction

The Academic And Social Challenges Of Children From Single...

Research Proposal The Academic and Social Challenges of Children from Single Parent Homes Ball State University Jason Huffer EDPS 640 Dr. Eric Pierson 5/4/2016 Children of Single Parent Homes 2 Abstract The purpose of this current study is to highlight the growing academic concerns and difficult social challenges facing children who live in single parent homes. For this study I will focus on children nationwide. I will present data related to this topic on a couple different subject groups. These groups will include children of different races, gender, and those who are living in a father absent home. Through my research I will show the growing need for additional programs, both after and during school, which focus on positive mentoring and academic achievement for students who often find themselves at a disadvantage to their counterparts who come from more traditional, nuclear families. Throughout my research I will utilized data derived from various entities. These entities may include government agencies, scholarly research journals, personal experiences, research databases, etc. The research will not be conducted unilaterally, but rather, in a collaborative manner with ex perts in the field, and my fellow peers and colleagues. Introduction According to research conducted by Gunnar Anderson, nearly half of the children in America were living in single parent homes by the time they were fifteen years of age, in 2013. In 2010, the United StatesShow MoreRelatedShould parents assume equal responsibilities when raising a child?1330 Words   |  6 Pagespeaceful home for the family. According to Rowe, â€Å"This sense of home requires the dynamic participation of both women and men--the women to mother and the men to father--to fulfill the daily roles of teaching, nurturing and protecting children† ( 2). Parents have an obligation to take care for children, so that when they grow up they are able to become a person who is strong enough to support himself. But there are different opinions whether raising a child should be shared equally between parents. OneRead MoreShould Parents Assume Equal Responsibility When Raising a Child?1582 Words   |  7 Pagescreating a peaceful home for the family. â€Å"This sense of ho me requires the dynamic participation of both women and men--the women to mother and the men to father--to fulfill the daily roles of teaching, nurturing and protecting children† (Rowe 2). Your parents’ have an obligation to take care for you, so that when you grow up you are able to become a person who is strong enough to support yourself. But there are different opinions whether child raisin should be shared equally between parents. A group of peopleRead MoreEssay on One Parent Family vs Two Parent Family901 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieve that children should be raised in a stable nurturing home by either both parents, mother and father or by a single parent. I feel that if it is a loving home where each parent is taking part in raising the child it is beneficial to the child. On the other hand if both parents argue all the time than it is not beneficial for the child’s upbringing. In having just one custodial parent the child is better off because the one paren t will be able to provide a better stable social environment.Read MoreThe Debate Over Homosexual Couples941 Words   |  4 Pagesand also their right to have children. Because of the nature of their relationship, they cannot biologically have children together so their only option is to adopt. The debate over homosexual couples being able to adopt children is very controversial and is becoming a big issue in today’s society. Some believe that by allowing these couples to adopt, they intentionally deprive the children from either a male or female role models; the children will have more challenges in school compared to thoseRead MoreAcademic Achievement Strategies For Students1454 Words   |  6 Pages ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT STRATEGIES Michelle Boyd EDUC655 Counseling Children, Adolescents, and Teens American Public University March 13, 2016 â€Æ' Academic achievement strategies Over the years, research has found inequalities in student achievement based on numerous factors related to social and economic disparities. In order to close the achievement gap and reduce student dropout rates, school counselors must develop strategies that aim at increasing student academic success while also focusingRead MoreRisk Factors Associated With Poverty1541 Words   |  7 Pages Poverty involves a complex array of risk factors that harmfully affects the population in a multitude of ways. The primary risk factors commonly associated with families living in poverty are emotional and social challenges, acute and chronic stressors, cognitive delays, and health related issues (Jensen, 2009). The culmination of risk factors make everyday life in poverty a struggle. Those risk factors are interwoven and comprehensive, often leading to devastatingly adverse effects. Jensen (2009)Read MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Single Parent Homes1394 Words   |  6 Pagesof single parent homes. As compared to over forty to fifty years ago, single-parent families are common in today’s world. A single parent is a parent with one or more children, who is not living with any of the children’s other parents. The percentage of children who live with two parents has been declining among all racial and ethnic groups throughout the years. It has been found that childr en in single-parent homes generally fare worse than those in homes with two parents. In today’s single parentRead MoreEssay about Effects of divorce on elementary-school aged children1279 Words   |  6 Pagestime high. A divorce between the parents of elementary students can be devastating in a young child’s life. Divorce causes stress for children not only at home, but also at school. Children of divorced or separated parents often have to commute between houses. Not only do they have to deal with the pain of parents separating, they also may feel as if they caused their parent’s problems. Parental divorce has negative effects on children’s academic achievement, social life and success in their lifetimeRead MoreThe Effects of Divorce on Children1048 Words   |  4 Pagesintricate than just the completion of a relationship. A common belief regarding divorce is that it entirely involves two parents. However, when a marriage ends in divorce, all individu als associated to the relationship, including children, are affected. As the number of divorces each year continues to increase, researchers have become more concerned with the effects divorce has on children. Many changes in the American family life, with the most critical consequences impacting the youth, have began toRead MoreExceptional Hardships, Challenges, Or Opportunities Make1049 Words   |  5 Pageshardships, challenges, or opportunities make me think of about a million things that have happened throughout my short twenty-one years of life. In today’s society, it is very common for a child to grow up in a home where one of the parents is absent. In most cases, it is usually the father that is not present, particularly in African American homes. â€Å"In the United States today, 16,334,000 children under age 18 live in single mother homes,† (Fluty 4). Single parent homes affect children psychology

All About New Hampshire Colony

New Hampshire was one of the 13 original colonies of the United States and was  founded in 1623. The land in the New World was granted to Captain John Mason, who named the new settlement after his homeland in Hampshire County, England. Mason sent settlers to the new territory to create a fishing colony. However, he died before seeing the place where he had spent a considerable amount of money building towns and defenses. Fast Facts: New Hampshire Colony Also Known As: Royal Province of New Hampshire, Upper Province of MassachusettsNamed After: Hampshire, EnglandFounding Year: 1623Founding Country: EnglandFirst Known European Settlement: David Thomson, 1623; William and Edward Hilton, 1623Residential Native Communities: Pennacook and Abenaki (Algonkian)Founders: John Mason, Ferdinando Gorges, David ThomsonImportant People: Benning Wentworth  First Continental Congressmen: Nathaniel Folsom; John SullivanSigners of the Declaration: Josiah Bartlett, William Whipple, Matthew Thornton New England New Hampshire was one of the four New England Colonies, along with Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, and Rhone Island colonies. The New England colonies were one of three groups comprising the 13 original colonies. The other two groups were the Middle Colonies and the Southern Colonies. Settlers of the New England Colonies enjoyed mild summers but endured very harsh long winters. One advantage of the cold  was that it helped to limit the spread of disease, a considerable problem in the warmer climates of the Southern Colonies.   Early Settlement Under the direction of Captain John Mason and his short-lived Laconia Company, two groups of settlers arrived at the mouth of the Piscataqua River and established two fishing communities, one at the mouth of the river and one eight miles upstream. David Thomson set sail for New England in 1623, with 10 others and his wife, and landed and established a plantation at the mouth of the Piscataqua, near what is Rye called Odiornes Point; it only lasted for a few years. About the same time, London fishmongers William and Edward Hilton set up a colony at  Hiltons Point near Dover. The Hiltons obtained financial support to buy land in 1631, and by 1632, a group of  66 men and 23 women were sent out to the budding colony.  Ã‚  Other early settlements include Thomas Warnertons Strawberry Bank near Portsmouth and Ambrose Gibbons at Newichawannock.   Fish, whales, fur, and timber were important natural resources for the New Hampshire colony. Much of the land was rocky and not flat, so agriculture was limited. For sustenance, settlers grew wheat, corn, rye, beans, and various squashes. The mighty old-growth trees of New Hampshires forests were prized by the English Crown for their use as ships masts. Many of the first settlers came to New Hampshire, not in search of religious freedom but rather to seek their fortunes through trade with England, primarily in fish, fur, and timber. Native Inhabitants The primary tribes of Native Americans living in the New Hampshire territory when the English arrived were the Pennacook and Abenaki, both Algonquin speakers. The early years of English settlement were relatively peaceful. Relations between the groups began to deteriorate in the latter half of the 1600s, largely due to leadership changes in New Hampshire and to problems in Massachusetts that led to a migration of native people into New Hampshire. The town of Dover was a focal point of struggle between the settlers and the Pennacook, where settlers built numerous garrisons for defense (giving Dover the nickname Garrison City that persists today). The Pennacook attack on June 7, 1684, is remembered as the Cochecho Massacre.   New Hampshire Independence Control of the New Hampshire colony changed several times before the colony declared its independence. It was a Royal Province prior to 1641 when it was claimed by the Massachusetts Bay Colony and was dubbed the Upper Province of Massachusetts. In 1680, New Hampshire  returned to its status as a Royal Province, but this lasted only until 1688 when it again became part of Massachusetts. New Hampshire regained independence—from Massachusetts, not from England—in 1741. At that time, the people elected Benning Wentworth as its own governor and remained under his leadership until 1766. New Hampshire sent two men to the First Continental Congress in 1774: Nathaniel Folsom and John Sullivan. Six months before the signing of the Declaration of Independence, New Hampshire became the first colony to declare its independence from England. Josiah Bartlett, William Whipple, and Matthew Thornton signed the Declaration for New Hampshire. The colony became a state in 1788.  Ã‚   Sources and Further Reading Daniell, Jere R. Colonial New Hampshire: A History. University Press of New England, 1981.Morison, Elizabeth Forbes, and Elting E. Morison. New Hampshire: A Bicentennial History. New York: W. W. Norton, 1976.Whitney, D. Quincy. Hidden History of New Hampshire. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2008.

Alcohol And Drug Addiction Drugs - 1498 Words

Alcohol and Drug Addiction Xinge Xu University of Toronto Throughout the vast history of mankind, alcohol has always been a popular and controversial topic. Unlike other illegal drugs with strict rules, alcohol seems to be a more universal and socially acceptable drink. In fact, it is the most widely used drug substance in the world. However, with the gradually increasing amount of problems associated with alcohol, people should weigh and examine the medicinal purposes and its side effects. People are paying attention to alcohol and the famous one among them is Marc Lewis, who shares his own alcohol abuse experience in the book Memoirs of an Addicted Brain. The detailed explanations of underlying†¦show more content†¦19). Meanwhile, he â€Å"starts to experience an accelerating clarity, a rising confidence†. He is â€Å"giddy and gleeful with excitement, cheerful and light-headed, and [suddenly] nothing seems threatening anymore† (Lewis, 2011, p.20). Drinking enables him to abandon all ideological constraints, unplea sant memories and feelings of inferiority and powerlessness. At this moment, he is aware of the incredible changes that alcohol brings. He is no longer afraid of isolation and loneliness. Instead, he feels carefree, confident and bold. His mind has already been detached from reality, and is immersing in beautiful illusions. These are specific, elaborate body feelings that Marc Lewis experiences. For an anonymous family who joins Al-Anon program, they depict their feelings separately. The son tells people that â€Å"when his mother gets drunk, she sometimes hits him and gives him a black eye. But she’s really great when she’s not drinking† (Al-Anon, 1995, p.19). Surprisingly, his mother does not realize how violent she is when she gets drunk. She only knows that alcohol is a quick way for her to get rid of economic pressure and unhappy relationships. Alcohol enables her to have a sense of undeniable feeling of satisfaction, contentment and happiness. Besides,

The Wrong Stuff Free Essays

In the book, The Wrong Stuff, by Marcus Stern, Dean Calbreath, and Jerry Krammer, a sad story is told about a man that fell from grace as one of the truly great Americans and went on to become one of the most publicly lambasted figures of a generation. The book talks about the life, trials, and tribulations of Duke Cunningham, the American congressman that saw his star fall as far from the sky as one could possibly fall. In the book, the authors take an interesting viewpoint on the many different scenes that would eventually shape Cunningham’s life and they use an interesting style to get across these points. We will write a custom essay sample on The Wrong Stuff or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ultimately, the authors combine to render an effective work that takes a comprehensive view of a man with an emphasis on proving that his life was one that was ultimately wasted. The main idea of the book is to not only give the reader a history of Duke Cunningham and his situation, but to shed a light on what might have caused the congressman to mess up something that could have been so good. It does not take a short sighted view on the congressman, either. Instead of simply focusing on the bribery scandal that sent him to jail or the tax evasion that was a part of his life, it focuses on letting the reader know why these things happened and what might have motivated Cunningham to take such risks. The book talks at length about the fact that Duke Cunningham had it made as a congressman from the moment he entered office. He was able to gain his seat after the incumbent fell victim to a scandal of his own. In addition, he was able to use his past military service in the Vietnam War as a means of earning respect among both his peers and his constituents. The book ties all of these events together in a way that gives the reader a clear view of Cunningham’s entire life and political experience. One important point that the book tries to make numerous times is the fact that Cunningham gained his position of influence not only by circumstance, but also because he was a relentless worker. On page twenty-four of the work, the authors write (2007), â€Å"But no one outworked Cunningham. Jim Laing, one his tactical flight instructors, once marveled at his willingness to study1† (p. 24). This was an important theme through the book that was represented by in many ways using tales of his Vietnam days. The book’s authors understood that people would be more moved by tales from the battle front, so they took advantage of those stories as much as possible. In one way, this is why the book succeeds in grabbing the reader. In the work, the authors find a lot of success in validating their primary points. They try hard to make the point that the congressman had everything out in front of him, yet he did not have the right stuff to make it happen in life. Luckily for the authors, Cunningham gives them many examples of both of these instances. Not only is he an excellent worker with many accomplishments leading up to his problems, but his political career crashes and burns in such a way that it would be nearly impossible for any author to miss the point in describing the event. Because this was one of the most publicized political corruption incidents of all time, it is very easy for the authors to make the reader understand its significance. The authors make mention of the publicity of the incident when they write (2007), â€Å"Cunningham could no longer walk the halls of congress without being dogged by television cameras and shouted questions†1 (p. 237). This is a clear indication that the event was taking its toll on the senator, and the authors waste little time mentioning this in their work in a way that readers can understand. I would certainly recommend this book to people close to me because it is a perfect recollection a fairly interesting incident. It succeeds in a lot of different ways because it uses real life examples to not only tell the story, but to paint a portrait of Cunningham as a man. It would really allow my parents to see the congressman in a human sense, instead of simply as a politician with no soul. Of the weaknesses in the book that I would point out to those people, there includes the fact that it is slow moving at points. People that pick up this book to read it are looking to get insight on the scandals and political situations that the congressman was involved in. It spends a little bit too much time focusing on Cunningham’s life as a youngster, while it should be focusing on the main points. Still, these weaknesses are not all that evident to the casual reader, because it is not a slow enough book that will make readers want to put the book down. References Calbreath, D, Condon, G. E. , Krammer, J. , Stern, M. (2007). The Wrong Stuff: The Extraordinary Saga of Randy â€Å"Duke† Cunningham, the Most Corrupt Congressman Ever Caught. PublicAffairs Publishing. How to cite The Wrong Stuff, Papers

Positioning of Small College

Question: Write a paper analyzing your organizations positioning. What is different about this organization as compared with others? Does your organization need to focus more on creating awareness, imparting knowledge, or changing behavior? Answer: Introduction The positioning strategy of Small College will be analyzed. It is a leading liberal arts college in Massachusetts. The college is renowned and it has been able to make connections between the students and the faculty via its approach of teaching. But the college is currently facing some challenges. According to the Board of Trustees the company has to expand in order to remain competitive. Apart from these issues, the college had to raise the tuition fees in order to conduct the alumni affairs of the college. But they receive miniscule amount from the alumni members as they are not in professions generating great wealth (Hyman and Jacobs, 2010). Thus in order to manage the rise in the operating expenses, it has to increase the tuition fees. But Small College has to think of other strategies of raising money as they cannot pressurize the students excessively. A communication plan has been prepared devising effective strategies for fund raising (The operational plan : How to create a y earlong fundraising plan, 2015). Communication Plan for Small College The mini campaign of named New Small College has the vision of raising $100 million. The growth of the college has faced severe criticism from the alumni in the past. But in the competitive scenario it is important for the organization to increase its strength instead of over burdening the existing students. Twitter has been a platform to increase communication with the alumni members. The communication plan will be effective if the college is able to create awareness among wide group of people including the faculty, staff and alumni. The media used by the college are as follows Website The Website of Small College can serve as a major tool for interacting with the existing alumni members and donors and creating new donors. Apart from interacting via twitter, the website of the college will form an effective tool (Foot and Schneider, 2015). The college must demonstrate in their website that they have made the investments wisely. The content of the website must be appealing and clearly depict the areas in which the funds will be used. The look of the website has to be appealing in order to increase its functionality. The website activities will be regularly monitored. There will be a separate testimonial page in the website where the alumni members will express their ideas for the future alumni meet (Peters, 2015). Email marketing Email outreach program will be effective means for communicating regularly with the donors and the prospects. The program will comprise of monthly e-newsletters with the donor and non donor versions (Best Practices for E-Mail Marketing, 2012). It will comprise of occasional action or the event alerts. The college will implement strategies for building the email list. The college will create creative ways of building new prospects through incentives such a chance to win a gift certificate of a local pet store for those people subscribing to the e-newsletter(The definitive guide to engaging email marketing, 2015). Increasing the site traffic Campaigns will be developed to drive traffic to the Website of Small College. The search engine of the website has to be improved. The college will run campaigns on the site and elsewhere and develop partnership with the corporate. This will increase the sponsorship and college will not burden the students by a fees hike. The college has to increase the visibility to the offline corporate partners websites via banners, links and special campaigns. The fundraising campaigns will be promoted on the media sites. The college will create graphics that will be posted on the national, local media and regional sites (Forbes, 2014). Tracking, benchmarking and reporting The email messaging program will be tracked by tracking the number of recipients that has been converted into new donors. The number of gifts and the renewals that has been received from the existing donors will be monitored (DEGREES FOR WHAT JOBS? Raising Expectations for Universities and Colleges in a Global Economy, 2015). The site traffic will be evaluated on a regular basis. The visibility of the website has to be increased (Strategic Communication Plan Division of Governmental Relations and University Communications, 2013). Conclusion Social media will serve as an effective platform to communicate with the donors and the alumni members. Apart from twitter, the website can be used as an effective platform to communicate with the alumni members. Direct communication with the alumni members and the donors will be possible via email marketing. The e-news letter will contain a brief idea of the various activities by the college. The donors can express their interests and views in the emails. This will make the interaction with the alumni members more engaging. Instead of raising the fees of the college and burdening the students various ways can be applied by Small College to raise fund. This will increase the awareness among the alumni members and generate new funds. The college will arrange solicitations and special appeals for the existing donors and the prospects. References Best Practices for E-Mail Marketing. (2012). 1st ed. [ebook] pp.1-12. Available at: https://www.oracle.com/us/products/applications/best-pratce-email-market-wp-1560488.pdf [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015]. DEGREES FOR WHAT JOBS? Raising Expectations for Universities and Colleges in a Global Economy. (2015). 1st ed. [ebook] pp.2-10. Available at: https://www.nga.org/files/live/sites/NGA/files/pdf/1103DEGREESJOBS.PDF [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015]. Foot, K. and Schneider, S. (2015).Web Campaigning. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/web-campaigning [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015]. Forbes, (2014).39 Actionable Ideas For Driving Traffic To Your Website. [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jaysondemers/2014/05/13/39-actionable-ideas-for-driving-traffic-to-your-website/ [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015]. Hyman, J. and Jacobs, L. (2010).10 Reasons to Go to a Small College - US News. [online] US News World Report. Available at: https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/professors-guide/2010/07/28/10-reasons-to-go-to-a-small-college [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015]. Peters, J. (2015).Tips for Virtual Fundraising Success | npENGAGE. [online] Npengage.com. Available at: https://npengage.com/nonprofit-fundraising/6-tips-from-valencia-college-foundation-for-virtual-fundraising-success/ [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015]. Strategic Communication Plan Division of Governmental Relations and University Communications. (2013). 1st ed. [ebook] pp.1-13. Available at: https://president.uc.edu/thirdcentury/docs/StratCommPlanFinalOct2013.pdf [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015]. The definitive guide to engaging email marketing. (2015). 1st ed. [ebook] pp.1-12. Available at: https://www.marketo.com/_assets/uploads/The-Definitive-Guide-to-Engaging-Email-Marketing.pdf [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015]. The operational plan : How to create a yearlong fundraising plan. (2015). 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://www.nonprofitalliance.org/system/res/135/original/tool_06.12.pdf [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015].

Epidemiology, An Indispensable Tool For Clinicians Essay Example For Students

Epidemiology, An Indispensable Tool For Clinicians Essay Epidemiology is defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of health and disease in human populations. Basically, what this boils down to is that epidemiology is population based. Epidemiology is increasingly important in medicine and the well being of the population. The insights generated by epidemiology over the past half century have led to the development of a range of specific public health measures designed to improve the health of the population. Epidemiology is the basic science of both preventive medicine and evidence-based practice, and as such is becoming an indispensable tool for clinicians generally and GPs in particular. The epidemiologist attempts to place clinical or other observations in the context of the population as a whole. Epidemiology can help to make a community diagnosis. In epidemiology, data on the health problem in the population are organized and summarized by time, place and person (Stone, D., 2004). This data is obtained through several measures. Mortality, morbidity, disability, and quality measures as used in epidemiology to better access the distribution (frequency) and determinants of health and disease in human populations (Scutchfield Keck, 2003). The mortality rate quantifies the frequency of occurrence of death in a defined population during a specific period (Stone, D., 2004). Mortality is an especially popular measure. This health outcome has been used as a measure of disease burden. Mortality has its limitations as a measure of disease burden because death I relatively rare health event. Compared to other measures, however, mortality has the advantage of being undeniably important and easy to define and count. Even though mortality increases with age, simple mortality m. .ty rate, while commonly used and roughly comparable around the world, reflects only an absolute change. The analysis of epidemiologic data includes not only manipulation of numbers, but also transforming numbers into information that can lead to the control or prevention of a health problem. Summary measures are employed to attempt to assess overall health status of a population. These measures usually combine morbidity, mortality, and disability data but can also reflect perceived quality of life or functional status. For example, physical functioning, mental and emotional well being, social functioning, general health perceptions, pain, energy, and vitality have all been used to assess health status (Thacker SB, Stroup DF, Carande-Kulis V, Marks JS, Roy K, Gerberding JL, 2006). Epidemiology is increasingly important in medicine and the well being of the population.